IT Contractor Versus Consultant - What's the Difference?

Is a computer consultant or IT consultant just acontract technical workers. The consultant has some
contract programmer or software engineer who usesexpert technical skills (design, programming, testing) and
a fancy title and charges a higher rate?is likely to have at least some expertise across a wide
The short answer is no. Each is valuable for the rightrange of the skills involved in the entire birth, life and
type of engagement. But putting one into aneventual death of a system. But the consultant's
engagement where you really need the other is aprofessional growth is not purely addition and
mistake--and you can't always tell who is who by therefinement of technical skills.
titles on their business cards.Start with computer capability. Add business acumen,
Find out what they do. That will tell you what categorycommon sense, and 'soft skills' and the result is an IT
is the true one, and in turn will tell you what roles areconsultant.
appropriate to consider them for.A formal computer related project begins with
What Contract Technical Workers Dobusiness analysis. This means looking at what the
Contract technical workers focus on exactly that--thebusiness is doing (Point A), imagining what it needs to
technical skills in which they specialize. It's up to you todo instead (Point B), figuring out what has to be done
tell them what to implement. For a software designer,to go from Point A to Point B, and writing that down
you say what the software has to do. For a(business case, requirements, and so on).
programmer, you provide specifications for theOther tasks in the project grow from the analysis. On
software.the technical side, these include functional specifications
A good contractor is a self-starter with superband detailed specifications, design, implementation,
technical skill, and can produce excellent technical worktesting, source code control, training, and technical
with less need for supervision and motivation thansupport. On the human side, changes in what people
most regular employees. When your project is done,do have to be planned, and people have to be taught
the contractor leaves without fuss. Your employeestheir new procedures.
carry on with maintenance of whatever the projectEach of those tasks is done by people with specific
built.roles, titles and skills. Many of them may labor in their
Here is an example of using contract technicalportion of the project without seeing the overall picture
workers wisely. Let's say that you have decided toclearly. A good IT consultant sees it all--the business
build a new XYZ system to fit in with a radical changeobjectives to be met, human procedural changes, the
in business procedures. You've done the business'big picture' Information Technology systems involved,
analysis in-house and have specified exactly what youand the crucial details necessary to make it all work.
want to build. Your IT team is competent in most ofThis requires a frame of mind unlike that of a contract
the programming skills needed. However, they haveprogrammer. Not everyone can do it. It's one of the
not designed and built a major database before. In fact,reasons a consultant gets higher rates.
all of their previous design and programming projectsConfusion in Usage of the Terms
have been small. The tools and techniques needed toIn other fields, a consultant provides expert advice and
build and maintain a large system cost effectively areguidance to a client. Implementing the consultant's
new to them.recommendations is the client's responsibility. The line is
You bring in technical specialists as the team leads fornot so clear in information technology.
the project. They do the 'heavy lifting'--the core of theMany people say they are computer consultants or IT
database design and construction, software design,consultants when their remit is primarily implementation,
source code control, and quality assurance tools andnot guidance. That isn't consulting in the sense that the
procedures. Your IT employees work under theirword is used elsewhere.
guidance, being mentored by the contracted specialistsGood 'computer consultants' provide a blend of
along the way.expertise and service that goes beyond fitting
Your project is finished faster than if you used onlycomputer systems to business needs--in essence, you
your IT team. The design, implementation, testing andget a blend of business consultant and IT consultant
deployment avoid the types of mistakes that happenfrom the best.
when everyone on the team is new to the tools andAt the highest end of the spectrum, the IT consultant
techniques they are using. When the specialists leave,goes beyond the advisory role filled by consultants in
your entire IT team's expertise has expanded andother fields. The elite IT consultant interacts with
they are capable of carrying on with maintenance andpeople, digs into issues involving equipment, and pays
enhancements.attention to logistics--even such details as the height of
What IT / Computer Consultants Dotables or the clearance forklifts will have in a passage.
Many contract technical workers focus exclusively onYou can engage an IT consultant for expert advice.
the technical work. One of the best contractHowever, unlike consultants in other fields, a top level
programmers who once worked for me said bluntlyIT consultant can be also engaged to make sure the
that he didn't want to have to understand what theproject comes through, 'from soup to nuts.'
equipment was supposed to do when our softwareOur firm provides services anywhere along this
sent commands to it. If I would just tell him whatspectrum. But if you ask me what we do, my answer
software I wanted, he would write it, but he didn't wantreveals the mindset of a consultant. Where computers
to have to pay attention to anything else. He certainlyare used to help make money instead of count it, we
didn't want to have to interact with other people to findhelp our clients make more money. That's our best
out what they wanted. He wrote fine software, and Ioffering. Listen for a similar focus on improving
let him concentrate on what he did so well. That's thebusiness effectiveness, and a lack of emphasis on
big difference between a contractor and a consultant.specific technologies, when you are looking for a top
Information Technology consultants usually start out astier IT consultant.